Gut–Brain Axis Inflammation in Dementia: A Qualitative Literature Analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47134/ijatm.v2i4.112Keywords:
Gut–Brain Axis, Inflammation, Dementia, Microbiota, NeuroinflammationAbstract
This study aims to explore the role of gut–brain axis inflammation in the development and progression of dementia, particularly Alzheimer’s disease, through a comprehensive qualitative literature analysis. Employing a descriptive qualitative design with a library research approach, this study systematically reviewed and synthesized peer-reviewed scientific publications from 2015 to 2025 related to gut microbiota, neuroinflammation, and cognitive decline. Data collection was conducted through structured literature searches and document analysis, followed by inductive thematic analysis involving data reduction, categorization, and interpretation of recurring concepts. The results indicate that gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes significantly to neuroinflammatory processes via mechanisms involving immune activation, microbial metabolite imbalance, and microglial overactivation. Dietary and lifestyle factors were found to influence gut microbial composition, while interventions such as probiotics, prebiotics, and Mediterranean diets demonstrated potential to mitigate inflammation and improve cognitive outcomes. The findings reinforce the microbiota–immune–neural axis theory, suggesting that dementia should be understood as a systemic inflammatory disorder rather than an isolated neurological condition. This study highlights the therapeutic promise of microbiome modulation and calls for interdisciplinary collaboration to advance translational applications. The conclusions provide both theoretical enrichment for neuroinflammation research and practical insights for developing microbiota-based interventions in dementia prevention and management.
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